Useful SQL Commands
February 28, 2010|
SQL Commands |
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| Begin | Statements that make up the block. |
| Built In functions | Most SQL data functions are supported within PL/SQL blocks. |
| Code storage | Blocks may be stored within an Oracle database as procedures, functions, packages (a group of blocks) and triggers. |
| Composite Datatypes | Records allow groups of fields to be defined and manipulated in PL/SQL blocks. |
| Connect userid/password | Connect to another schema. |
| Connect userid/password@instname | Connect to another schema on another database instance. |
| Cursor handling | Cursors (a memory area holding a result set) can be explicitly defined and manipulated allowing the processing of multiple rows. A group of PL/SQL system attributes provide the ability to test a cursor’s internal state. |
| Declare | Definition of any variables or objects that are used within the declared block. |
| Describe tablename | Describe the structure of the named table, abbreviate to DESC. |
| Ed | Start the local text editor and load the last SQL command. When you save the text file the SQL will be placed back into SQL *Plus. |
| End; | End of block marker. |
| Exception | All exception handlers. |
| Exception handling | Blocks have the ability to trap and handle local error conditions (implicit exceptions). You may also self generate explicit exceptions that deal with logic and data errors. |
| Flow Control | |
| Help | Call system help (if installed) |
| Host command | Run command on local shell (UNIX or DOS) |
| Load commandfilename | Load a command file but don’t run it. |
| Pause | In command file, forces command file to halt execution until any key is pressed. |
| Prompt text | Output a line of text to any user of the command file with the PROMPT in it. |
| Remark | Comment line in a command file. |
| Save commandfilename | Save the last SQL command to the named command file |
| Set | Used to set SQL *Plus environment variables. |
| Spool filename | Write all console text from this point on to named text file. |
| Spool Off | Close any open spool file, stop spooling. |
| Sql support | All SQL statements are supported within PL/SQL blocks including transaction control statements. |
| Start commandfilename | Load a command file and run it, also use @commandfilename. |
| Variables and Constants | These objects are used to store and manipulate block level data. They can be CHAR, Varchar2, Number, Date or Boolean data types. |
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